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Holocaust/Genocide Project:
Links to Other Sites

Before the Janusz Korczak Memorial in Warsaw's Jewish Cemetery

Holocaust/Shoah

Organizations and Memorials

• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum is America's national institution for the documentation, study, and interpretation of Holocaust history.

• Yad Vashem: Located in Jerusalem, Yad Vashem, the Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority, is the Holocaust memorial of the Jewish people.

• Simon Wiesenthal Center: Headquartered in Los Angeles, the Simon Wiesenthal Center is an international center for Holocaust remembrance, and the defense of human rights and the Jewish people.

• Ghetto Fighters' House — Holocaust and Jewish Resistance Heritage Museum (Beit Lohamei Haghetaot): The Ghetto Fighters' House was "founded in 1949 by Holocaust survivors, ghetto fighters and partisans, who settled in the Western Galilee and set up Kibbutz Lochme Hagetaot on the main road from Acre to Naharia." At first, the Ghetto Fighters' House was primarily a documentation center; now, it is a museum, research institute, and education center. Individuals in the United States may be interested in visiting the Web site of The American Friends of The Ghetto Fighters' House, which is the American office of The Ghetto Fighters' House.

• Holocaust Memorial Day (UK): "Holocaust Memorial Day is about commemorating all the communities who suffered as a result of the Holocaust and Nazi persecution, and demonstrating that the Holocaust is relevant to everyone in the UK today. The Day provides a focus — through the national event and local events and activities — for people to think about the continuing repercussions of the Holocaust on our society."

• Holocaust Teacher Resource Center: Educators, (kindergarten through college) will find at this site materials which can be brought into the classroom and studied. Whenever possible entire documents are included and may be downloaded for direct use in the classroom.

• Learning about the Holocaust through Art Project: This site provides high-quality reproductions of art works produced during the Holocaust. It also includes biographies of the artists and histories of the ghettos and camps in which they were interned. Study resources and lesson plans support its use in the classroom and an interactive section enables users to choose and annotate works for their own online collection.

• AMCHA: Located in Jerusalem, but with many branches, "Amcha — the code word that helped survivors identify fellow Jews in war-ravaged Europe — now stands for another kind of support system: The opportunity for survivors and their families to unburden their hearts and share their life stories with another person."

• Anne Frank Museum: This site is the official Web site for the Anne Frank House, a museum and memorial, at Prinsengracht 263 in Amsterdam. While hiding here, Anne Frank, a Jewish victim of the Nazis, wrote her famous diary. (Please note that the content of this Web site is in Dutch.

• Anne Frank Center USA: The "Anne Frank Center USA was founded in 1977 to educate people about the causes, instruments and dangers of discrimination and violence through the poignant and telling story of Anne Frank."

• Anne Frank Trust UK: Inspired by the life and diary of Anne France, the goal of the Anne Frank Trust UK "is to education and motivate people — particularly young people — to reject prejudice and injustice, and to build a society founded on mutual respect, human rights, and moral courage."

• Mechelen Museum of Deportation and the Resistance: Founded by the Belgian Association of Jewish Deportees — Sons and Daughters of the Deportation. (U.D.J.B.) and the Jewish Central Consistory of Belgium (C.I.C.B.), this Holocaust museum near Brussels helps visitors "understand how in Belgium nearly one out of two Jews perished during the Second World War. Furthermore, it is not only a museum about the deportation of Belgian Jews, but also about their resistance."

• El Paso Holocaust Museum and Study Center: The El Paso (Texas) Holocaust Museum and Study Center was "established in 1992 in memory of those killed by the Nazis, in honor of the survivors who endured the terrors, and with respect for those who lost family and friends. The Museum's goals are to combat prejudice and bigotry through education and to instill into mankind the value and dignity of human life."

• Holocaust Memorial Center: The Holocaust Memorial Center in West Bloomfield, Michigan, is the fulfillment of a dream by founder Rabbi Charles H. Rosenzveig and his fellow members of Shaarit Haplaytah (Survivors of the Holocaust). The HMC "not only documents the horror of that period of modern history [known as the Holocaust] and the events leading up to it, but also highlights the rich culture and history of a people, developed over 2,000 years, that was lost. It is our hope that from this experience, and from the ongoing study of the period of the Holocaust available at the HMC, we create a legacy for present and future generations to use as a guide for human behavior in maintaining an open, free society."

• Dr. Janusz Korczak: This play by Alina Kentof is based on A Field of Buttercups by Joseph Hyams; it tells the story of Janusz Korczak (1878-1942), a Polish pediatrician, author, and teacher who ran an orphanage in Warsaw. In the last days of the Warsaw Ghetto, Korczak — refusing all chances to save his own life — went to die with the orphans under his care in the gas chambers at Treblinka. (This play is part of A Teacher's Guide to the Holocaust, presented by the Florida Center for Instructional Technology.)

• King of Children — The Life of Dr. Janusz Korczak: Presented by the Korczak Communication Center, this Web site presents the complete text of Betty Jean Lifton's biography of Janusz Korczak (New York: St. Martin's).

• Korczak: Arzt, Schriftsteller, Pädagoge (Korczak: Physician, Author, Schoolmaster): Individuals who know German (there is also information in English) will be interested in visiting this Web site. The site provides a wide variety of information about Janusz Korczak, as well as a discussion forum, links to related sites, and more.

• Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation: This web site is a result of Steven Spielberg's initial work to video and gather oral testimonies of the eyewitnesses to the Holocaust of World War II. In this effort, over 50,000 testimonies have been collected and have been catalogued. The Shoah Foundation's main goal is to make its archive of testimonies available for education and research and to "overcome prejudice, intolerance and bigotry — and the suffering they cause, through the educational use of the Foundation's visual history testimonies."

• Auschwitz Jewish Center (Centrum Zydowskie w Oswiecimiu): The Auschwitz Jewish Center in Oswiecim/Auschwitz was opened in September 2000 and includes the town's only surviving synagogue — Chevra Lomdei Mishnayot — fully restored to its pre-war appearance, as well as a short film, an exhibition on pre-war Jewish life in the town, a genealogy center and a library. With its educational programs, youth dialogue meetings and cultural events, the Center is the only active reminder of the rich Jewish life that once existed in Oswiecim.

• Topographie des Terrors (Topography of Terror Foundation): The mission of Topographie des Terrors (the Topography of Terror Foundation) "is to provide historical information about National Socialism and its crimes as well as to stimulate active confrontation with this history and its impact since 1945. Moreover, the Foundation serves as an advisor to the State of Berlin in all matters relating to these issues." In addition, the Topograpy of Terror Foundation, which originated from a temporary exhibition project, "has had a long and eventful history. Its establishment was the result of an extended and controversial exchange of ideas, in which the unwavering support of social groups and individuals played an important role and put an end to the many years of repression and forgetting."

Education and Information

• CHE — Council of Holocaust Educators: The Council of Holocaust Educators strives to provide its members with the opportunity to find mutual support from their colleagues in their educational efforts and to further the instructional program and goals of Holocaust education.

• Review of Binjamin Wilkomirski's Fragments: Written by Jonathan Kozol, this book review examines Fragments, Holocaust survivor Binjamin Wilkomirski's autobiography. "The book has been translated into nine languages and has been published in eleven countries. As a very young child, Wilkomirski was taken to a Nazi concentration camp. He lived in barracks with other children. The language that he learned was a combination of the many languages to which he was exposed. He had no native tongue. He has no recollection of his mother . . . only of a woman he was brought to one day at the camp and was told was his mother."

• Anne Frank Was Not Alone — Holland and the Holocaust: This Web site is a transcript of a lecture which was presented by Anthony Anderson at the University of Southern California on 24 October 24 1995, about the Holocaust in the Netherlands. Also of interest are Anthony Anderson's A Forgotten Chapter: Holland Under the Third Reich (the transcript of a lecture presented at the University of Southern California on 17 October 1995) and The Netherlands in World War II: A Bibliography.

• An Auschwitz Alphabet: This site is a personal reaction to the Holocaust by Jonathan Wallace and is dedicated to the late Primo Levi, an Italian chemist who survived Auschwitz and whose memoirs about the Holocaust are internationally recognized: "Levi . . . emerged from Auschwitz still a gentle man, with a sense of humor and with strong compassion. He is your best guide to these horrors."

• Auschwitz — Endstation Vernichtung: This Web site, in English, is an on-line exhibition about Auschwitz — Auschwitz: Final Station Extermination.

• Brest Ghetto Passport Archive: Created by Phillip Hammnonds and hosted by JewishGen, Inc., the Brest Ghetto Passport Archive "represents the first phase of The Phoenix Project, a multi-year effort, directed by John and Carol Garrard, to computerize data on the Holocaust drawn primarily from newly opened archives in the former Soviet Union. Many of these archives have been microfilmed and may be studied at the The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington DC and at Yad Vashem in Jerusalem. However, many important Soviet and captured German documents remain unexamined in the newly independent states that have emerged from the former Soviet Union." This archive "reflects the purpose of the Phoenix Project as a whole, which is to recover as many names as possible of those Holocaust victims who perished in Nazi-occupied Soviet territory. The names will be contextualized with the addition of explanatory notes, background materials, eyewitness and survivor accounts, still photos, and video film. Every effort will be made to determine when and where the victims died."

• Court TV Casefiles — A Look Back at Nuremberg: The Court TV Web presentation, A Look Back at Nuremberg, provides a wide range of information about the Nuremberg Tribunal, including information about the indictments and the defendants; an index of the major participants in the trial; the creation of the tribunal and the law behind it; an interview with former American Nuremberg prosecutor Drexel Sprecher; transcripts of the trials; and, the legacy of the Nuremberg Tribunal. (Visitors can download the transcripts, which are compressed as .ZIP archives.)

• "Cybrary" of the Holocaust: The Cybrary of the Holocaust is part of an extensive and impressive project to create educational materials about the Holocaust.

• Deutsches Historisches Museum, Berlin (German Historical Museum, Berlin): The German Historical Museum strives to help the citizens of Germany "gain a clear idea of who they are as Germans and Europeans, as inhabitants of a region and members of a worldwide civilization." The Museum's permanent collection includes material on the Third Reich.

• Facing History and Ourselves: The Facing History and Ourselves National Foundation is "a national educational and professional development organization whose mission is to engage students of diverse backgrounds in an examination of racism, prejudice, and antisemitism in order to promote the development of a more humane and informed citizenry."

• Five Million Forgotten: Sponsored by the nonprofit Holocaust Forgotten Memorial, the goal of this Web site (and the organization) is "to acknowledge and memorialize the millions of non-Jewish victims of the Holocaust."

• The Forgotten Camps: Created and maintained by by Vincent Châtel and Chuck Ferree, this Web site is a history of several small Nazi concentration camps, work camps, police camps, and transit camps: "Great or small camps, all these places were designed to systematically destroy any opponent to the Nazi regime. If mass extermination happened only in the great camps, like Auschwitz or Treblinka, the atrocities were the same everywhere."

• Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies: Part of the Manuscripts and Archives of the Sterling Memorial Library of Yale University, the Fortunoff archive is a "collection of over 3,500 videotaped interviews with witnesses and survivors of the Holocaust." The Web site includes excerpts from testimonies; information for visitors to the archive; a history of the archive; and, information on affiliated projects.

• François Schmitz's Holocaust Pictures Exhibition: This Web site contains thirty-seven (37) scanned images from the Holocaust.

• H-German (German History): The Web site for the H-German e-mail discussion list contains several items of interest, including information about the list and instructions for subscribing; book and article reviews; primary source archives in German, including documents from the National Socialist era; access to the H-German Gopher; archived discussions from the list; and links to other Web sites of interest.

• H-Holocaust (History of the Holocaust and Antisemitism): The Web site for the H-Holocaust e-mail discussion list holds many items of interest, including information about the list and instructions for subscribing; the list's discussion archives; the H-Holocaust Review Project; academic announcements; links to related Web sites; and, other resources.

• The History Place — Holocaust Timeline: Created and maintained by The History Place, this timeline summarizes the major events of the Holocaust and is an effort to be "a complete chronicle of Nazi persecution of the Jews with over 150 photos and text." A related presentation at the The History Place Web site is The Rise of Adolf Hitler: From Unknown to Dictator of Germany, an attempt to create a "Complete History in 24 Chapters." Also of interest are biographies of the Nazi leaders, Adolf Eichmann, Rudolf Hess, and Reinhard Heydrich. Visitors to The History Place's Web site may also wish to view its World War II timeline, which includes Holocaust-related information, such as the Nuremburg Race Laws, Kristallnacht, Hitler's infamous 1939 (30 January) Reichstag speech, in which he threatens the Jews of Europe, and the Nazi "euthanasia" program (T-4).

• Holocaust, Antisemitism, and Judaism Research Resources: Created and maintained by iEARN volunteer David Dickerson, this presentation contains information on the Holocaust, antisemitism, and Jewish culture and history. (These sites are featured in the UniGuide Academic Guide to the Internet and listed in Diane Romm's book, The Jewish Guide to the Internet.)

• Holocaust and Jewish Studies Sites: Created and maintained by Professor Dan Graf of Virginia Wesleyan College, this Web page contains an unannotated set of links to Web sites relating to the Holocaust and the field of Jewish Studies.

• Holocaust Issues Archive: This Web page on issues concerning the Holocaust — particularly U.S. and Allied efforts to recover and to restor gold and other assets stolen or hidden by Germany during World War II — is a permanent electronic archive (of information released prior to 20 January 2001) by the U.S. Department of State. The Web page contains reports, remarks, press releases, fact sheets, contact information, and links to external sites. The documents are in PDF and HTML format, in English and in German. (The German version of any given document is the authoritative one.) Two PDF documents not available on this State Department Web page are available for downloading: Preliminary Study on U.S. and Allied Efforts To Recover and Restore Gold and Other Assets Stolen or Hidden by Germany During World War II (1.6 MB) and an appendix to the study, Finding Aid to Records at the National Archives at College Park (1.4 MB). (The preliminary report, how outdated, "documents one of the greatest thefts by a government in history: the confiscation by Nazi Germany of an estimated $580 million of central bank gold — around $5.6 billion in today's values — along with indeterminate amounts in other assets during World War II. These goods were stolen from governments and civilians in the countries Germany overran and from Jewish and non-Jewish victims of the Nazis alike, including Jews murdered in extermination camps, from whom everything was taken down to the gold fillings of their teeth.")

• PBS's Frontline — Nazi Gold: This Web site is a companion to the PBS Frontline special "report on Switzerland's wartime actions as a neutral nation and its role as banker and financial broker for Nazi Germany." Sections of the site include: "Reactions and Discussion: What are your views of Switzerland's actions during the war?"; "The Train: Were Nazi death trains allowed through Zurich — a look at what is known — and not known"; "Switzerland and the War: Neutral or Cowardly?"; "Further Readings (including the Eizenstat Report and the Swiss Federal Coucil's response)"; "How to Seek World War II Swiss Bank Acccounts"; and, "Map: What were the actions of other neutral nations?"

• The Holocaust Album: Maintained by Ron Greene, this site is a "rotating collection of contemporary and historical photographs associated with the Holocaust."

"When evil is allowed to compete with good, evil
has an emotional populist appeal that wins out
unless good men and women stand as vanguard
against abuse." — Hannah Arendt

• Holocaust Curriculum Guides — Southern Institute for Education and Research: The Southern Institute for Education and Research offers teaching guides, workshops, and other programs, including Teaching Schindler, Deathly Silence: Everyday People in the Holocaust, Louisiana Holocaust Survivor Testimonies, and the Holocaust Survivor Video Series.

• The Holocaust — A Tragic Legacy: Created and maintained by three students participating in ThinkQuest, this site "attempts to provide a unique set of resources to complement those already available on-line. There is a strong interactive element, asking visitors to consider the moral dilemmas of Nuremberg, consider the culpability of the Swiss, or examine the future implications of the Holocaust. An interactive timeline and a brief summary go over the events themselves, linking to a multimedia glossary with pronunciations and other related audio, images, and link to sites that expand on the basic definitions. Specific aspects of the Holocaust, such as why it happened and what came in its aftermath are also covered. To bring the Holocaust to life, there are accounts of survivors and a virtual reality camp. A guide to books and other resources allow visitors to learn more and a quiz allow users to spot-check their knowledge of the Holocaust. Users can also share thoughts and scanned artwork/photos. The more that is known, the more that is understood, the better we can work to promote tolerance and learn the lessons of the past."

• The Holocaust Page: Maintained by Ben Austin of Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU), this Web site provides a wide variety of information about the Holocaust, including a glossary and chronology of the Holocaust — as well as information on the Nuremberg Laws, Kristallnacht, the T-4 euthanasia program (murder of the handicapped), Jewish losses in the Holocaust, and homosexuals and the Holocaust. There are also links to other Holocaust-related Web sites.

• Holocaust Studies -- Social Studies School Service: Located in Culver City, California, the Social Studies School Service offers resources and materials for teaching students about the Holocaust. A printed catalogue, Teaching the Holocaust: Resources and Materials, is also available.

• Holocaust Survivor Oral History Archive: Since 1981, Dr. Sidney Bolkosky, professor of history at the University of Michigan-Dearborn, has interviewed Holocaust survivors: "The University's Mardigian Library has been the repository of these interviews. It has been our privilege to provide a forum for those voices, 'listening ears,' as one survivor notes, and the facilities to record the testimonies.... This archive represents a guarantee of honest presentation — unembroidered, without dramatization, a scholarly yet austerely moving collection of information and insight. We have been and are engaged in rescuing fragments of fragments of memory...."

• The Holocaust — One Voice in the Midst of Silence (Jehovah's Witnessess): Presented by the Web version of The Watch Tower, the official publication of the Jehovah's Witnesses, this site offers information about Jehovah's Withnesses and the Holocaust; the information originally appeared in Awake! magazine in 1995.

• International Baccalaureate Holocaust Project: Created and maintained by Daniel Blackmon's contemporary history class in the International Baccalaureate program at Coral Gables Senior High School in Dade County, Florida, this site provides student research on topics such as the "Aryan" myth, Hitler's world view, the Nuremburg Laws, the SS, the "Final Solution," the ghettos, resistance, and modern persecutions.

• An Interview with Primo Levi: Created and maintained by composer Ari Frankel, this Web site is an interview with Primo Levi: "Primo Levi, born in Turin, Italy, in 1919, and trained as a chemist, was arrested during the Second World War as a member of the anti-Fascist resistance and deported to Auschwitz in 1944. His experience in the death camp and his subsequent travels through Eastern Europe were the subject of powerful memoirs, fiction and poetry. Levi died in Turin in April 1987."

• JewishGen's Holocaust Database: The JewishGen Holocaust Database "is a collection of databases containing information about Holocaust victims and survivors. It incorporates nearly 100 datasets, which contain over one million entries." The project is ongoing, and volunteers are needed.

• Jewishnet: The Jewishnet Global Jewish Information Network offers a wide range of resources, including links to, and information about, Israeli and Jewish electronic mailing lists; WWW and FTP sites; libraries; and, UseNet conferences. Holocaust researchers will find this site useful.

KZ Gusen I: Watch Towers & Walls

• KZ Mauthausen-Gusen Information Page: Sponsored by the Austrian Broadcasting Corporation and maintained by Rudolf A. Haunschmied, Martha Gammer, Siegi Witzany-Durda and Jan-Ruth Mills, this site presents information about one of the lesser-know concentration camps (KZ), Gusen: "The KZ Gusen I, II and III concentration camp complex had been the biggest and most brutal within the Mauthausen system of camps." The presentation also presents links to other relevant sites, including ones pertaining specifically to KZ-Gusen.

• (Forum för levande historia) The Living History Forum: The Living History Forum (Forum för levande historia) is "a Swedish government body engaged in issues relating to tolerance, democracy and human rights, with the Holocaust as a starting-point. The organization is a knowledge and culture institution with a long-term commitment to practical efforts to spread a deeper knowledge about crimes against humanity."

• Leni Riefenstahl — Film Stills: This site is an archive of still images from Leni Riefenstahl's two most controversial films: Triumph des Willens (Triumph of the Will) and Olympiad (Olympia).

• Literature of the Holocaust: Created and maintained by Dr. Al Filreis of the English Department at the University of Pennsylvania, this page contains materials relating to "The Literature of the Holocaust." Dr. Filreis updates the site daily, which also contains relevant articles from other Web sites.

• March of the Living International: The March of the Living is an international program that "brings Jewish teens from all over the world to Poland on Yom Hashoah, Holocaust Memorial Day, to retrace the infamous death march from Auschwitz to Birkenau, and then to Israel to observe Yom HaZikaron, Israel Memorial Day, and Yom Ha'Atzmaut, Israel Independence Day. The goal of the March of the Living is for these young people to learn the lessons of the Holocaust and to lead the Jewish people into the future vowing 'Never Again'."

• Massuah — The Institute for the Study of the Holocaust: Massuah, which means "beacon," emphasizes the main purpose of this organization and museum: "to serve as a guide, to warn, to enlighten, to shed light in the darkness and ambivalence associated with the Holocaust." Massuah was established as a nonprofit organization in the 1960's at Kibbutz Tel-Itzhak. Its education credo is "dealing with the moral, political and cultural issues raised by the events of the Holocaust [because they] are still relevant to all human beings." Massuah has developed many educational programs for today's young people, students, and educators.

• Maven — Holocaust and Antisemitism: Maven is an on-line Jewish resource with information in over 190 categories. Its page of links relating to the Holocaust and antisemitism is quite extensive.

• The Nizkor Project — An Electronic Holocaust Resource: The Nizkor Project is a comprehensive collection of the following projects — the Shofar FTP Archive; the HWEB Project; guides (FAQs) to Holocaust-denial issues; and, the RUE Project.

• Erich Hartmann — In the Camps: A virtual exhibit from the book, In the Camps (Stumme Zeugen), this Web site contains photographs by Erich Hartmann, who escaped Nazi Germany with his family at the age of sixteen, shortly before Kristallnacht, and became a soldier in the United States Army.

• Holocaust — Understanding and Prevention: Created, maintained, and supervised by Holocaust survivor Alexander Kimel, this Web site offers many articles on a wide selection of topics

• The Patrin Web Journal — Gypsy Culture and History: Created and maintained by the Patrin, a learning resource and information center for Roma and others who want to learn more about Romani culture and social issues of today, this site contains sections on Romani history; culture; traditions; organizations; rights; the Holocaust and the Roma; and, a glossary. (The Patrin Web journal is not affiliated with the Patrin print periodical of Presov, Slovakia.)

• Per Anger -- A Swedish Hero: Per Johan Valentin Anger "was a young diplomat for the Swedish legation in Berlin and Budapest during World War 2. In the year 1944 he was the one who initiated Swedish provisional passports for threatened Jews in Budapest, and he also became Raoul Wallenberg's closest partner and friend."

• Pink Triangle Pages — History of the Nazi Persecution of Gay Men and Lesbians: Maintained by Scott A. Safier, this Web page includes an overview of the types of badges worn by prisoners (including the pink triangle for homosexuals); Paragraph 175 of the Reich Penal Code; information on the number of victims; a section on lesbians in the Third Reich and "the exemption of female homosexuality from penal sanctions"; testimony by survivors; information on some of the concentration camps; history; and references.

• Raoul Wallenberg — One Man Can Make a Difference: This Web site is dedicated to Raoul Wallenberg and his work during the Holocaust to rescue thousands of Hungarian Jews.

• Remembering the Holocaust: This Web page is an annotated set of links to sites about the Holocaust: "The Web is an invaluable way of keeping alive the memories of the Holocaust. On this page are but some of the many resources available on the Internet. (If you know of others please tell me.) I created this page as my simple way of remembering those who perished and of honouring those who survived."

• Romani.Org Home Page: Dedicated to "the Roma for their recognition as a people and as a nation, and to their struggle for freedom and against persecution and oppression worldwide," this Web site has the purpose of contributing "to the increased awareness of the facts about this truly remarkable people [the Roma]."

• A Journey to Linkuva, Lithuania: Created and maintained by Aubrey and Gary Blumsohn, this Web site is "dedicated to the 200,000 Jewish men, women and children of Lithuania murdered by the Nazis and their Lithuanian collaborators. Amongst them were about 250 Jews from the village of Linkuva."

• Shamash — The Jewish Internet Consortium: Shamash is a site presenting a wide range of Jewish resources on the Internet, including the topic of the Holocaust.

• To Save a Life — Stories of Jewish Rescue: Written and maintained by Ellen Land-Weber, this site is an unpublished book featuring personal narratives and photographs of people who saved Jews during the Holocaust. (Ellen Land-Weber teaches photography and digital imaging at Humboldt State University in Arcata, California.)

• Vinnitsa Region Jewish Community: This presentation provides basic information about the Vinnitsa Region Jewish Community (VRJC) in the Podolia region of Ukraine. The VRJC has several functions, including supporting the elderly and sick Jews of the region; creating and implementing educational programs; revitalizing Yiddish language and culture; and, preserving the region's Jewish historical artifacts, sites, and monuments. The Web page also provides information about the VRJC's ongoing needs, and how interested individuals may help. (The Jewish community of the Vinnitsa region is an excellent example of a Jewish community rebuilding itself — and with very few resources — in the aftermath of the Holocaust and the Soviet regime.)

• Virtual Auschwitz — An Exploration of a Death Camp: This Web site offers the visitor the opportunity to "study each of [Auschwitz's] many 'installations,'" so that the visitor may get "closer to the concrete, material reality of Auschwitz and the Nazi Genocide."

• Virtual Shtetl — Yiddish Language and Culture: Created and maintained by Iosif and Shura Vaisman, this Web site is "organized as locations in a shtetl, a small Eastern European Jewish town" (shtetls were a casualty of the Holocaust) and provides "links to information about Yiddish language and culture."

• When Heaven's Vault Cracked — Zagreb Memories: Created and maintained by Dani Novak, this Web site contains the memoirs of Holocaust survivor Zdenka Novak (Dani's mother), who now lives in Israel.

• The Wolf Lewkowicz Collection: This collection of letters was written in Yiddish between 1922 and 1939 by Polish Jew Wolf Lewkowicz (of Konskie, Lodz and Opoczno, Poland) to Sol J. Zissman, his deceased sister's son. Wolf Lewkowicz died in Treblinka in 1943 at the age of 56. The on-line version of the collection contains only the English translations of the Yiddish letters. The complete set of The Wolf Lewkowicz Collection can be found at the Harvard University Library and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.

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Antisemitism and Racism

• Anti-Defamation League: Founded in 1913, the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) is "the world's leading organization fighting anti-Semitism through programs and services that counteract hatred, prejudice and bigotry." The ADL's mission is "to stop the defamation of the Jewish people, to secure justice and fair treatment to all citizens alike."

• Antisemitism — "Link Launcher": This Web page covers the topic of antisemitism; there are several categories containing multiple links to various sites.

Peril Juif
(France, 1934)

• Antisemitism Research Resources: Created and maintained by iEARN volunteer David Dickerson, this Web site contains information about antisemitism and links to Internet sites useful for researching antisemitism, including bibliographies, reading lists, and databases — as well as information about the notorious antisemitic forgery, The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, and access to an on-line version of this infamous document. (This site was featured in the UniGuide Academic Guide to the Internet and listed in Diane Romm's book, The Jewish Guide to the Internet.)

• Crosspoint Anti-Racism Site: The Crosspoint is a "collection of links in the field[s] of human rights, anti-racism, refugees, women's rights, antifascism, and the Shoah." The site also lists links to "Jewish organizations, migrant organizations, and others."

• H-Antisemitism -- A List for Scholars of Antisemitism: Antisemitism is a Humanities OnLine (H-Net) discussion list for the serious study of antisemitism; its purpose is: "to facilitate the exchange of scholarly information on the subject of antisemitism, conceived as broadly as possible. Without chronological or disciplinary limitations, H-Antisemitism seeks to enable scholars to communicate research and teaching interests, discuss methodology, comment upon current historiography, and share information about new data, sources of funding, and publishing." The H-Antisemitism Web site offers several resources.

• Hatewatch: The Hatewatch section of The Southern Poverty Law Center's Web site provides up-to-date news on hate crimes by location. In addition, The SPLC publishes an electronic Hatewatch newsletter, in plain-text or HTML format. (The Southern Poverty Law Center "was founded in 1971 as a small civil rights law firm. Today, the Center is internationally known for its tolerance education programs, its legal victories against white supremacists and its tracking of hate groups.")

• Magenta: "Magenta is a foundation that combats racism, fascism, and other forms of discrimination, mainly on and through the Internet." Although Magenta was founded in 1992, it has been been most actively combatting discrimination via the Internet since 1997.

• Skeptic Magazine: The Skeptics Society's publication contains much material of interest, including articles about Holocaust denial and the individuals involved in the so-called "Holocaust revisionist" movement.

• Union of Councils for Jews in the Former Soviet Union (UCSJ): The Union of Councils "is the largest independent grassroots organization advocating for Jews and human rights in the former Soviet Union (FSU)." Founded in 1970, "with a strict commitment to a non-paternalistic approach, UCSJ works in partnership with indigenous Jewish activists to provide the security, freedom, dignity, and welfare of Jews in the former Soviet Union."

• Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism: Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism (SICSA) was established in 1982 as an interdisciplinary research center dedicated to the accumulation and dissemination of knowledge necessary for understanding the phenomenon of antisemitism.

• Business and the Holocaust: This Web site, created and maintained by the Stock Maven Research Center, contains information on how big business in the United States provided support to Adolf Hitler that helped to expand the Holocaust.

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Genocide

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"Persons committing genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in Article III shall be punished, whether they are constitutionally responsible rulers, public officials or private individuals." — United Nations Genocide Convention

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Bosnia

• Zlata Filipovic — On-line Chat: This site offers the transcript of the 2 June 1995 Writers' Corner on-line chat between Zlata Filipovic — the author of Zlata's Diary — and young people from all over the world.

• BosniaLINK: BosniaLINK is "the official Department of Defense information system about U.S. military activities in Operation JOINT ENDEAVOR, the NATO peacekeeping mission in Bosnia." The site contains maps; fact sheets; news releases; biographies; transcripts; and, speeches and testimony. In addition, visitors can send "greetings and encouragement to the troops in Bosnia" from this site.

• War Crimes in the Former Yugoslavia: This site provides information about suspected war criminals, as well as links to other relevant sites. The sources for the information and documents include Helsinki Human Rights Watch; the International War Crimes Tribunal in The Hague; the United Nations Special Committees for War Crimes in Former Yugoslavia; and other international organizations and sources, including referenced articles from newspapers.

• Balkan Media and Policy Monitor: Edited by Ruzica Zivkovic, this publication and its supplements are bimonthly publications supported and sponsored by IKV (The Hague), Pax Christi, Press Now, and hCa (Western Liaison Office).

• Bosnian Genocide: This entry in the free on-line encyclopedia, Wikipedia, provides information about the genocide that took place during the Bosnian War from 1992-1995, as well as relevant links to external sites.

• Domovina Net: Domovina Net succeeds the information Web sites for Croatia, Bosnia, and Herzegovina. Domovina provides daily news and content updates and and thousands of links.

• International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia: This Web site, maintained by the United Nations, is the official site for The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY).

Rwanda

• Genocide in Rwanda: This Web page is the entry in the Wikipedia about the genocide on Rwanda, "the slaughter of an estimated 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus by a group of Hutu extremists known as 'Interahamwe' during a period of 100 days in 1994."

• "We Let Rwanda Happen": Based upon an October 1994 presentation at the University of Buffalo by internationally recognized expert Alison Des Forges, this article by Christine Vidal explores why the patterns of genocide in Rwanda are likely to continue: "Things are a long way from returning to normal and what I find particularly disturbing is the patterns of genocide that continue."

Cambodia

• Cambodian Auto-Genocide Page: "In the loving memories of the Cambodian people who died under the Khmer Rouge Regime from 1975 to 1979, we, Khmers and concerned friends of Cambodia, have formed an ad hoc group to establish the Digital Archive of Cambodian Holocaust Survivors. We call upon you to participate in the preservation and protection of the memories of Cambodian holocaust survivors of Angkar."

• From Sideshow to Genocide: Tales of the Cambodian Holocaust: This Web site, by Andy Carvin, is a virtual history of the Cambodian genocide, covering events in Cambodia from the turn of the century to the fall of the Khmer Rouge in 1979.

Armenian Genocide

• Armeninan Assembly of America: The mission of the Armenian Assembly of America is "through research, education and advocacy, to strengthen US/Armenian and US/Nagornon Karabakh relations; to promote Armenia's and Karabakh's democratic development and economic prosperity; and, to seeks universal affirmation of the Armenian Genocide."

• Armenian Diaspora: This Web site tells of all aspects of Armenian history and present day life.

• Armenian Genocide — FAQ: The primary goal of this Web site, sponsored by the Armenian National Institute, is the affirmation of the 1915 Armenian Genocide committed by Ottoman Turkey; the FAQ about the Armenian Genocide provides detailed answers.

• Armenian Genocide: This Web site provides a brief overview of the Armenian Genocide and asks that the United Nations recognize the validity of the Treaty of Sevrea. The site also contains several images.

• Armenian Research Center: Maintained by the Armenian Research Center at the University of Michigan at Dearborn, this WWW home page provides much information about Armenia, including a fact sheet on the Armenian Genocide.

• Armenian Genocide — History Does Not Fade Away: Presented by ABC News, this multilingual, Flash-based Web site provides a time line, an overview of the Armenian Genocide, images, and survivor testimonies.

• Recognizing the Armenian Genocide: Created and maintained by Reynold Khachatourian, this Web site "is dedicated to doing a small part in informing people of the atrocities suffered by the Armenian nation at the hands of the Ottoman Turkish government." It contains four sections: Information; Statistics; Reflection; and, Recognition.

Nanjing Massacre

• Nanjing Massacre Archive: This Web site is an archive for historical documents and still photography related to the Nanjing Massacre; it includes several links to related sites.

• Memorial Hall of the Victims in the Nanjing Massacre (1937-1938): This Web site is a memorial to the victims of the Nanjing Massacre. The actual memorial hall is "in Jiangdongmen (The Gate on the Eastern Bank of the River), one of the sites where countless human bones of the victims of the Massacre were excavated."

Ukrainian Famine

• Ukrainian Famine (1932-1933): A result of Stalin's policy of forced collectivization, this 1932-1933 famine killed six to seven million people in the Ukraine, the northern Caucasus, and the lower Volga River area. The highest losses, however, were in the Ukraine.

• Ukrainian Genocide of 1932-1933: Created and maintained by the Ukrainian Genocide Famine Foundation (USA), This Web site helps the Foundation fulfull its mission, including to "further public awareness of the Genocide of 1932-33 through educational programs, lectures, public exhibits, media presentations, internet resources and cooperative ventures with governmental and education institutions, libraries and museums."

• The Artificial Famine/Genocide in Ukraine (1932-33): This Web site is collection of articles, links, reviews, and a bibliography on the Ukrainian famine and its recorded history.

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Human Rights

• Amnesty International On-line: Founded in 1961, Amnesty International is "dedicated to freeing prisoners of conscience, to gaining fair trials for political prisoners, to ending torture and 'disappearances,' and to abolishing the death penalty throughout the world." Amnesty International has offices all over the world, with an administrative head office in London.

• Human Rights Watch: Human Rights Watch, which was founded in 1978, "conducts regular, systematic investigations of human rights abuses in some seventy countries around the world. It . . . defends freedom of thought and expression, due process and equal protection of the law; it documents and denounces murders, disappearances, torture, arbitrary imprisonment, exile, censorship and other abuses of internationally recognized human rights." The HRW Web site introduces, and provides a history of, the organization; lists staff members; and, includes the postal and e-mail addresses for the HRW's regional offices.

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